5709a7858d5c197721be66d5218a79124abadb70
lrnassar
  Tue Mar 17 08:46:31 2026 -0700
Adding alt text to images across static documentation pages, CGI headers, markdown docs, and Pandoc templates. Content images receive AI-generated descriptive alt text; decorative images (icons, spacers, toggles) receive alt="" per WCAG best practice. Also adds Image Descriptions section to the accessibility page, and fixes Pandoc Lua writers to output alt attributes. 67 files, covering help docs, news archive, ENCODE pages, portal pages, and session examples. refs #37254

diff --git src/hg/htdocs/goldenPath/help/sessions.html src/hg/htdocs/goldenPath/help/sessions.html
index 0e4ae60659b..086f1a797f5 100755
--- src/hg/htdocs/goldenPath/help/sessions.html
+++ src/hg/htdocs/goldenPath/help/sessions.html
@@ -21,324 +21,324 @@
   <li><a href="#What2"><strong>What is the Session Gallery?</strong></a></li>
   <li><a href="#links"><strong>Don't copy that link -- make a Session!</strong></a></li>
   <li><a href="#customTracks"><strong>Custom Track Caveats</strong></a></li>
 </ul>
 
 <a name="Gallery"></a>
 <a name="dna"></a>
 <h2>DNA/codon view</h2>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from an educational collection: 
      https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~kuhn/workshops/jamesMadison2015/education.html 
 -->
 <h3>Examples of stop codons in the hg19 assembly</strong></h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.stopCodons"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.stopCodons.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session showing stop codons highlighted in the hg19 assembly" src="../../images/session.hg19.stopCodons.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 The above session helps illustrate the display of how one gene can have  different transcripts with 
 different stop codons, displayed in red in the browser. Note that the three transcripts that 
 terminate near the right side of the screen are in a different frame from the transcript that 
 terminates near the left side. The three potential reading frames through the region can be seen at 
 the top of the graphic. Only one of the three is free of stop codons throughout this range.</p>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from our wiki: 
      http://genomewiki.gi.ucsc.edu/index.php/Genome_Browser_Session_Gallery 
 -->
 <h3>Premature Stop in the hg18 Reference Assembly</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/hg18.stop"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg18.stop.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session showing stop codon display in the hg18 assembly" src="../../images/session.hg18.stop.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 A premature stop codon was found in the hg18 reference genome and in about half of people of 
 European descent. The UCSC Genes track was forced to skip the codon to indicate a full-length coding
 region for this gene.  The SNP indicated by the G nucleotide in many of the mRNA alignments shows 
 that in many samples from Genbank, the T > G transversion encodes a glutamic acid in the protein, 
 reading through the premature stop predicted by the reference assembly.
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgc?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/hg18.stop&c=chr18&o=59530817&t=59530818&g=hgdpGeo&i=rs4940595"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="40%" height="40%" 
-src="../../images/hg18.stop2.png"></center></a>
+alt="Zoomed view of stop codon coloring in the hg18 gene track" src="../../images/hg18.stop2.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 Clicking the top highlighted rs4940595 in the <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTrackUi?db=hg18&g=hgdpGeo"
 target="_blank">Human Genome Diversity Project SNP Population Allele Frequencies</a> track will 
 display the world frequency image regarding this variant. In the more recent hg38 reference genome 
 this area displays differently. Click into the active session and then into the SNP to read the 
 details.
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/hg38.stop"
 target="_blank">Link to region in hg38 for comparison</a>. Specifically, in hg38 the T in the 
 previous reference assembly has been replaced by a G, giving the reference a glutamic acid, E, and 
 no longer prematurely truncates the predicted transcript. The SNP at this location, rs4940595, now 
 indicates the G > T transversion in the reverse direction from previously, indicating a premature 
 stop at this location for the T allele.</p>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from 
      https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~kuhn/workshops/jamesMadison2015/education.html 
 -->
 <h3>Examples of Start Codons in the hg19 Assembly</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.startCodon"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.startCodon.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session showing start codon annotations in hg19" src="../../images/session.hg19.startCodon.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 The above session helps illustrate the display of how one gene can have different transcripts with 
 different start codons, displayed in green in the browser. Here is an example session displaying
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.reverseStart"
 target="_blank">a start codon on the reverse strand</a>. By clicking the &quot;reverse&quot; button
 below the browser one can
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.reverseStart2"
 target="_blank">flip the view</a>.</p>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from 
      https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~kuhn/workshops/jamesMadison2015/education.html 
 -->
 <h3>Examples of Split Codons in the hg19 Assembly</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.split"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.split.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session showing split screen with two genomic regions side by side" src="../../images/session.hg19.split.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 The above session helps illustrate how a codon can be split between splice sites. By clicking the 
 little double-headed arrow on the left of one of the transcripts one can see the other part of the 
 codon. Note that there are different AAs (G or R) depending on the different splicing upstream for 
 different isoforms.</p>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.split2"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.split2.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session showing an alternate split screen configuration" src="../../images/session.hg19.split2.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 Using the multi-region exon-only feature available under the top blue menu bar and View selecting
 &quot;Multi-Region&quot; you can remove introns adjusting padding down to just one base (or none) 
 to more clearly see the split codon above.</p>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from 
      https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~kuhn/workshops/jamesMadison2015/education.html 
 -->
 <h3>Examples of Different Codon Numbering in the hg19 Assembly</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.codonNums"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.codonNums.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session showing codon numbering on gene transcripts" src="../../images/session.hg19.codonNums.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 The above session helps illustrate how the same region in an exon can have different codon
 numbering reflecting different isoforms and that it is important to use caution when reading
 codon numbers in the literature. Here is an additional view of the region zoomed out 300x to display
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.codonNums2"
 target="_blank">the alternate splicing</a>.</p>
 
 <!-- Topic Division -->
 <a name="evolution"></a>
 <h2>Evolution</h2>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from 
      https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~kuhn/workshops/jamesMadison2015/education.html 
 -->
 <h3>Examples of Codon Wobble in the hg19 Assembly</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.wobble"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.wobble.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session highlighting wobble base positions in codon display" src="../../images/session.hg19.wobble.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 The above session helps illustrate how codon wobble in bases diverges through evolution when the 
 amino acid is the same (note the conservation score graph). There is a conservation of function 
 through evolution with V > I > F amino acids and K > R substitutions. Here is an additional example 
 session displaying
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.wobble2"
 target="_blank">wobble</a>.</p>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from 
      https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~kuhn/workshops/jamesMadison2015/education.html 
 -->
 <h3>Examples of Evolution in the hg19 Assembly</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.chimp"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.chimp.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session comparing human and chimpanzee genome alignments" src="../../images/session.hg19.chimp.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 This session shows alignments of three species (Chimp, Gorilla, and Orangutan) against chr2 in hg19
 and how the same sequences are found in two separate chromosomes in the other species.</p>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.chimp2"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.chimp2.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session showing detailed human-chimp chain alignment" src="../../images/session.hg19.chimp2.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 Zooming in above to a region of human chr2 you can see heterochromatin around a vestigial centromere
 which has not evolved away yet. By using the top blue menu bar under View to select &quot;In Other 
 Genomes (Convert)&quot; you can select the Chimp assembly panTro4 and see that these coordinates in 
 hg19 (chr2:126,645,017-138,651,416) coincide with the centromere in the Chimp chr2B:
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.chimp3"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.chimp3.png"></center></a></p>
+alt="Browser session showing human-chimp net alignment differences" src="../../images/session.hg19.chimp3.png"></center></a></p>
 
 <!-- Topic Division -->
 <a name="snp"></a>
 <h2>SNPs and disease</h2>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from 
      https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~kuhn/workshops/jamesMadison2015/education.html 
 -->
 <h3>Examples of SNP coloring and ABO variant details in the hg19 Assembly</h3>
 <div class="sectionContent">
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.SNPcolor"
-target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" src="../../images/session.hg19.SNPcolor.png"></center></a>
+target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" alt="Browser session showing SNP tracks color-coded by functional class at the ABO locus" src="../../images/session.hg19.SNPcolor.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 The above session helps illustrate how SNPs are color coded regarding whether they
 represent a nonsense, missense, or frameshift variation. These SNPs are around the ABO gene and
 represent blood group variation.</p>
 <p>
 By clicking into the gene track for one of the isoforms of the ABO gene one can see additional 
 variant details by clicking the &quot;Gene Alleles&quot; link to jump down to the &quot;Common Gene 
 Haplotype Alleles&quot; section and mouseover highlighted variant amino acids to see changes in 
 nucleotide and AA sequences.</p>
 <a href="http://genome.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgGene?hgg_gene=uc004cda.1&hgg_prot=P16442&hgg_chrom=chr9&hgg_start=136130562&hgg_end=136150630&hgg_type=knownGene&db=hg19#geneAlleles"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/aboVariantDetails.png"></center></a>
+alt="Variant details page showing ABO blood group gene variant annotations" src="../../images/aboVariantDetails.png"></center></a>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from 
      https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~kuhn/workshops/jamesMadison2015/education.html 
 -->
 <h3>Examples of OMIM allelic variants in the hg19 Assembly</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.OMIM"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.OMIM.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session showing OMIM disease gene annotations" src="../../images/session.hg19.OMIM.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 The top track in the above session displays OMIM allelic variants. By clicking the items one can 
 learn the details and find additional links to the allelic variants in the Online Mendelian 
 Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database.</p>
 <p>
 In the above and this zoomed in session you can 
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.OMIM2"
 target="_blank">mouseover OMIM variants to access details</a> such as OMIM Allelic Variant 
 136350.0021 in the far right to see &quot;PRO366LEU,rs121909641:HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM 2
 WITH ANOSMIA, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO&quot; to learn additional information about each variant.</p>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from 
      https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~kuhn/workshops/jamesMadison2015/education.html 
 -->
 <h3>Examples of CAG Repeats in Huntingtin in the hg19 Assembly</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.CAGrepeat"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.CAGrepeat.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session showing CAG trinucleotide repeat region in a disease gene" src="../../images/session.hg19.CAGrepeat.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 The above session uses the <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTrackUi?db=hg19&g=oligoMatch"
 target="_blank">Short Match Track</a> to display matches of &quot;cagcagcagcagcagcag&quot; repeats 
 in a polyglutamine region (Note Qs) of the gene HTT, Huntingtin, linked to Huntington's disease.</p>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from 
      https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~kuhn/workshops/jamesMadison2015/education.html 
 -->
 <h3>Examples of Segmental Duplications in the hg19 Assembly</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.segDup"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.segDup.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session highlighting segmental duplications in the human genome" src="../../images/session.hg19.segDup.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 The above session uses the <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTrackUi?db=hg19&g=genomicSuperDups"
 target="_blank">Segmental Dups</a> to display regions detected as putative genomic duplications
 within the golden path and shows X-linked colorblindness as a recombination hotspot in the opsin
 region where genes encode for light absorbing visual pigments.</p>
 <p>
 Another example featuring the Segmental Dups track is the 
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.segDup2"
 target="_blank">15q11 Prader-Willi region</a> in which same-chromosome duplications lead to gain
 and loss of copies and a rare genetic disorder when some genes are deleted or unexpressed.</p>
 
 <!-- Topic Division -->
 <a name="tfbs"></a>
 <h2>Expression/regulation: TFBS/RNA-seq/ChIP-seq</h2>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from 
      https://users.soe.ucsc.edu/~kuhn/workshops/jamesMadison2015/education.html 
 -->
 <h3>Microarray Probeset data in the hg19 Assembly</strong></h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.microArray"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.microArray.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session displaying microarray probe mapping tracks" src="../../images/session.hg19.microArray.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 The above session uses the <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTrackUi?db=hg19&g=genotypeArrays"
 target="_blank">Microarray Probesets</a> track to display Affymetrix, Agilent, and Illumina probe 
 information.</p>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from the ENCODE index.html -->
 <h3>View ENCODE data (2003 - 2012) in the UCSC Genome Browser</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/encodeDemonstration"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/encode/browser.png"></center></a>
+alt="ENCODE tracks in the Genome Browser showing histone marks and transcription factors" src="../../images/encode/browser.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 The above session highlights some key integrated track data from the ENCODE project including
 GENCODE gene sets, Transcription Levels by RNA-seq, H3K27Ac histone mark, DNaseI Hypersensitivity, 
 ChIP-seq Transcription Factor binding sites, and Genome Segmentations.</p>
 
 <h3>Example search of enhancer information around the gene TNFAIP3</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.enhancer"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.enhancer.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session highlighting enhancer regions with regulatory annotations" src="../../images/session.hg19.enhancer.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 This session comes from a question regarding how to search for enhancer RNA for the gene TNFAIP3. 
 <a href="https://groups.google.com/a/soe.ucsc.edu/d/msg/genome/q3OyjSo4Qdk/mhrQtRBhXbYJ"
 target="_blank">The response</a> displays the various ENCODE tracks around the gene TNFAIP3
 indicating where DNase activity, Transcription Factor Binding, RNA transcription, and histone
 modification has been observed. The layered H3K4Me1 and layered H3K27Ac tracks show where
 modification of histone proteins is suggestive of enhancer and other regulatory activity.
 Investigating where RNA-seq signals overlap with Transcription Factor Binding upstream of
 TNFAIP3 transcription would appear to indicate possible eRNA locations and the segmentation track 
 displays possible Strong and Weak Enhancers as calculated by the ChromHMM and Segway programs.</p>
 
 <h3>Example of how DNaseI Hypersensitivity Clusters track represents multiple experiments</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.Dnase"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.Dnase.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session showing DNase hypersensitivity signal across cell types" src="../../images/session.hg19.Dnase.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 This session comes from a question about how the DNaseI Hypersensitivity Clusters track is 
 generated.
 <a href="https://groups.google.com/a/soe.ucsc.edu/d/msg/genome/mwPp41nqVWw/c7QdhdLCwvgJ"
 target="_blank">The response</a> explains that the clusters track represents the combining and
 filtering of multiple DNaseI Hypersensitivity Uniform Peaks tracks in an attempt to summarize
 multiple individual experiments, which also can be viewed individually in the browser.</p>
 
 <h3>Example of how the Transcription Factor ChIP Track is generated from multiple experiments</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.TFBScluster"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.TFBScluster.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session displaying transcription factor binding site clusters from ENCODE" src="../../images/session.hg19.TFBScluster.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 This session helps illustrate the process behind creating the TFBS Clusters track. Uniform 
 processing resulted in comparable signal scores viewable in the wgEncodeAwgTfbsUniform track,
 that was then used to generate the clustered score in the wgEncodeRegTfbsClusteredV3 track, where 
 a normalization factor was used to attempt to better distribute scores evenly. The session 
 originated from a question regarding whether it was correct to interpret the darker score as 
 increased biological evidence of binding for a transcription factor at a particular spot.
 <a href="https://groups.google.com/a/soe.ucsc.edu/d/msg/genome/FPZuwGAuWoI/Hn00L0SPRUAJ"
 target="_blank">The response</a> shared how by filtering to display only the JUN, JUNB, JUND, and 
 MYC factors you can see several individual &quot;Uniform ...c-Myc&quot; tracks displayed below the 
 clusters track. Those are the separate wgEncodeAwgTfbsUniform tracks used to generate the processed 
 clustered summary wgEncodeRegTfbsClusteredV3 track for this MYC cluster. Those individual uniform 
 processed scores were used to create the cluster score given to the MYC cluster. Like the MYC 
 factor, you can also click the JUN factors and you will see there is only one observed cell type 
 where this data indicates this factor binds at this location. And similarly below, you will see the 
 &quot;Uniform... Jun&quot; tracks that contributed to the clusters track.</p>
 
 <!-- Topic Division -->
 <a name="mlq"></a>
 <h2>Mailing list support</h2>
 
 <!-- Session INFO: This comes from the ENCODE index.html -->
 <h3>Example of displaying repeats in the hg19 Assembly</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg19.AluY"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg19.AluY.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session showing AluY repeat element BLAT alignment results" src="../../images/session.hg19.AluY.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 A user was interested in an intron of the gene PHKB where a repeat element for AluY was given.
 The user could not find the Alu repeat, and 
 <a href="https://groups.google.com/a/soe.ucsc.edu/d/msg/genome/_X1bURBW8ho/TRs18-kez2AJ"
 target="_blank">the response</a> was to aid the user in turning on the RepeatMasker track
 where information on repeats, such as the AluY element desired, is contained.</p>
 
 <h3>Example of refGene exonFrames coming from mRNA</h3>
 <a href="../../cgi-bin/hgTracks?hgS_doLoadUrl=submit&hgS_loadUrlName=http://genome.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/help/examples/sessions/session.hg38.refGeneFrame"
 target="_blank"><center><img width="70%" height="70%" 
-src="../../images/session.hg38.refGeneFrame.png"></center></a>
+alt="Browser session showing RefSeq gene reading frames in hg38" src="../../images/session.hg38.refGeneFrame.png"></center></a>
 <p>
 A user had written some code to generate exon frame data from the refGene table, based on the belief
 that the exonFrames should be possible to derive entirely from the cds{Start,End} and 
 exon{Starts,Ends} by taking differences and dividing by three for the size of codons. However, the 
 user noticed an inconsistency with their generated exonFrames output compared to the information
 in the refGene table. In 
 <a href="https://groups.google.com/a/soe.ucsc.edu/d/msg/genome/XRdN33qDvug/iTAZPUYksUsJ"
 target="_blank">the response</a> the explanation was that the exon frames come from the mRNA,
 not the genome, and the example provided (NM_001282171/KIR3DS1) represented a transcript where there
 were deletions in respect to the reference at chr19_KI270922v1_alt:123,732-123,733.</p>
 <pre>aacaga..agtgaacagc 000870
 ||||||  |||||||||| >>>>>>
 aacagaacagtgaacagc 123743 </pre>
 <p>
 By clicking into the details of the RefSeq gene NM_001282171 transcript and clicking the first link