09f347da2873b42ab1b5c6f5684e429dc4e321d5
lrnassar
  Mon May 4 08:52:54 2026 -0700
Switch mpravardbToBed sanitize map to str.maketrans with \u escape keys per CR feedback. refs #37359

Replaces literal UTF-8 characters in the dictionary keys (curly quotes,
primes, dashes, NBSP, mojibake) with their \uXXXX escape forms so an
editor can't silently re-encode them and break the pipeline. Translation
now uses str.translate(), and the whitespace-collapse regex is
precompiled at module level.

diff --git src/hg/makeDb/scripts/mpravardb/mpravardbToBed.py src/hg/makeDb/scripts/mpravardb/mpravardbToBed.py
index c97884640b5..6a6aa29f8cb 100644
--- src/hg/makeDb/scripts/mpravardb/mpravardbToBed.py
+++ src/hg/makeDb/scripts/mpravardb/mpravardbToBed.py
@@ -1,218 +1,218 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 """
 Convert mpravardb.csv to BED9+ format, liftOver hg19 to hg38,
 merge, and create bigBed.
 
 Usage:
     cd /hive/data/genomes/hg38/bed/mpra/mpravardb
     python3 ~/kent/src/hg/makeDb/scripts/mpravardb/mpravardbToBed.py
 """
 
 import csv
 import re
 import subprocess
 import sys
 import os
 import math
 
 SCRIPT_DIR = os.path.join(os.environ["HOME"], "kent/src/hg/makeDb/scripts/mpravardb")
 AS_FILE = os.path.join(SCRIPT_DIR, "mpravardb.as")
 LIFTOVER_CHAIN = "/gbdb/hg19/liftOver/hg19ToHg38.over.chain.gz"
 CHROM_SIZES = "/hive/data/genomes/hg38/chrom.sizes"
 INPUT_CSV = "mpravardb.csv"
 
 # Upstream CSV contains UTF-8 curly quotes, primes, and NBSP mojibake.
 # Browser does not transcode UTF-8 in bigBed fields, so everything user-visible
-# must be plain ASCII. Transliterate or strip.
-_SANITIZE_MAP = {
-    "’": "'",  # RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK (used as apostrophe)
-    "‘": "'",  # LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK
-    "“": '"',  # LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK
-    "”": '"',  # RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK
-    "′": "'",  # PRIME (used after numerals: 3'UTR)
-    "″": '"',  # DOUBLE PRIME
-    "–": "-",  # EN DASH
-    "—": "-",  # EM DASH
-    "…": "...", # HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS
-    " ": " ",  # NO-BREAK SPACE
-    "¬": "",   # NOT SIGN  (NBSP mojibake pair)
-    "†": "",   # DAGGER    (NBSP mojibake pair)
-}
-_SANITIZE_RE = re.compile("|".join(re.escape(k) for k in _SANITIZE_MAP))
+# must be plain ASCII. Transliterate or strip. Keys use \u escapes rather than
+# literal characters so an editor can't silently re-encode them.
+_SANITIZE_MAP = str.maketrans({
+    "\u2019": "'",   # RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK (used as apostrophe)
+    "\u2018": "'",   # LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK
+    "\u201c": '"',   # LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK
+    "\u201d": '"',   # RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK
+    "\u2032": "'",   # PRIME (used after numerals: 3'UTR)
+    "\u2033": '"',   # DOUBLE PRIME
+    "\u2013": "-",   # EN DASH
+    "\u2014": "-",   # EM DASH
+    "\u2026": "...", # HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS
+    "\u00a0": " ",   # NO-BREAK SPACE
+    "\u00ac": "",    # NOT SIGN  (NBSP mojibake pair)
+    "\u2020": "",    # DAGGER    (NBSP mojibake pair)
+})
+_WS_RE = re.compile(r"\s+")
 
 def sanitize_text(s):
     """Return ASCII-only version of s for bigBed string fields."""
-    if s is None:
+    if not s:
         return ""
-    out = _SANITIZE_RE.sub(lambda m: _SANITIZE_MAP[m.group()], s)
+    s = s.translate(_SANITIZE_MAP)
     # Drop any remaining non-ASCII (rare), then collapse runs of whitespace
-    out = out.encode("ascii", "ignore").decode("ascii")
-    out = re.sub(r"\s+", " ", out).strip()
-    return out
+    s = s.encode("ascii", "ignore").decode("ascii")
+    return _WS_RE.sub(" ", s).strip()
 
 def pval_to_score(pval):
     """Convert p-value to a 0-1000 score using -log10.
     Missing / out-of-range / non-numeric → 0 (not 1000).
     Many rows upstream encode NA as literal 0.0, which is indistinguishable from
     a true p=0; treat all non-positive inputs as unscored."""
     if pval is None or pval in ("", "NA"):
         return 0
     try:
         p = float(pval)
     except ValueError:
         return 0
     if p <= 0 or p > 1:
         return 0
     score = int(-math.log10(p) * 100)
     return max(0, min(1000, score))
 
 def pval_to_color(pval, fdr):
     """Color by significance: red if FDR<0.05, orange if p<0.05, grey otherwise."""
     try:
         fdr_val = float(fdr) if fdr not in (None, "", "NA") else 1.0
     except ValueError:
         fdr_val = 1.0
     try:
         p_val = float(pval) if pval not in (None, "", "NA") else 1.0
     except ValueError:
         p_val = 1.0
 
     if fdr_val < 0.05:
         return "200,0,0"     # dark red - FDR significant
     elif p_val < 0.05:
         return "255,165,0"   # orange - nominally significant
     else:
         return "190,190,190" # grey - not significant
 
 def safe_float(val):
     """Convert to float, return NaN for NA / empty / non-numeric.
     Using NaN (rather than 0.0) keeps untested variants out of filterByRange
     sliders by default and avoids masquerading as p=0 / fdr=0 in the details
     page.  bedToBigBed accepts the literal string "nan" in float fields."""
     if val in (None, "", "NA"):
         return math.nan
     try:
         return float(val)
     except ValueError:
         return math.nan
 
 def csv_to_bed(input_csv, hg19_bed, hg38_bed):
     """Parse CSV and write two BED files, one per assembly."""
     hg19_count = 0
     hg38_count = 0
     with open(input_csv, newline="") as fin, \
          open(hg19_bed, "w") as f19, \
          open(hg38_bed, "w") as f38:
         reader = csv.reader(fin)
         header = next(reader)
         for row in reader:
             chrom_num, pos, ref, alt, genome = row[0], row[1], row[2], row[3], row[4]
             rsid, disease, cellline = row[5], row[6], row[7]
             desc, log2fc, pvalue, fdr, study = row[8], row[9], row[10], row[11], row[12]
 
             # Sanitize user-visible string fields (ASCII only, drop NBSP mojibake)
             rsid = sanitize_text(rsid)
             disease = sanitize_text(disease)
             cellline = sanitize_text(cellline)
             desc = sanitize_text(desc)
             study = sanitize_text(study)
             ref = sanitize_text(ref)
             alt = sanitize_text(alt)
 
             chrom = "chr" + chrom_num
             try:
                 start = int(pos) - 1  # CSV uses 1-based coordinates
             except ValueError:
                 continue
             end = start + max(1, len(ref))  # span the reference allele
 
             # Build name
             if rsid and rsid != "NA":
                 name = rsid
             else:
                 name = f"{chrom}:{pos}:{ref}>{alt}"
 
             score = pval_to_score(pvalue)
             color = pval_to_color(pvalue, fdr)
 
             # Truncate long string fields to stay within bigBed limits
             if len(desc) > 250:
                 desc = desc[:247] + "..."
             if len(study) > 250:
                 study = study[:247] + "..."
 
             # Short values for mouseOver (3 significant digits)
             log2fc_val = safe_float(log2fc)
             pvalue_val = safe_float(pvalue)
             fdr_val = safe_float(fdr)
             mo_log2fc = f"{log2fc_val:.3g}"
             mo_pvalue = f"{pvalue_val:.3g}"
             mo_fdr = f"{fdr_val:.3g}"
 
             fields = [
                 chrom, str(start), str(end), name, str(score), ".",
                 str(start), str(end), color,
                 ref, alt,
                 rsid if rsid and rsid != "NA" else ".",
                 disease, cellline, desc,
                 str(log2fc_val),
                 str(pvalue_val),
                 str(fdr_val),
                 study,
                 mo_log2fc, mo_pvalue, mo_fdr,
             ]
             line = "\t".join(fields) + "\n"
 
             if genome == "hg19":
                 f19.write(line)
                 hg19_count += 1
             elif genome == "hg38":
                 f38.write(line)
                 hg38_count += 1
 
     print(f"Wrote {hg19_count} hg19 rows to {hg19_bed}")
     print(f"Wrote {hg38_count} hg38 rows to {hg38_bed}")
 
 def run(cmd):
     """Run a shell command, exit on failure."""
     print(f"  Running: {cmd}")
     result = subprocess.run(cmd, shell=True)
     if result.returncode != 0:
         print(f"ERROR: command failed with exit code {result.returncode}", file=sys.stderr)
         sys.exit(1)
 
 def main():
     hg19_bed = "mpravardb.hg19.bed"
     hg38_bed = "mpravardb.hg38.bed"
     lifted_bed = "mpravardb.hg19lifted.bed"
     unmapped_bed = "mpravardb.unmapped.bed"
     merged_bed = "mpravardb.bed"
     output_bb = "mpravardb.bb"
 
     print("Step 1: Converting CSV to BED format...")
     csv_to_bed(INPUT_CSV, hg19_bed, hg38_bed)
 
     print("\nStep 2: Lifting hg19 coordinates to hg38...")
     run(f"liftOver -bedPlus=9 -tab {hg19_bed} {LIFTOVER_CHAIN} {lifted_bed} {unmapped_bed}")
 
     # Count unmapped
     unmapped = sum(1 for line in open(unmapped_bed) if not line.startswith("#"))
     lifted = sum(1 for _ in open(lifted_bed))
     print(f"  Lifted: {lifted}, Unmapped: {unmapped}")
 
     print("\nStep 3: Merging hg38 native + lifted hg19...")
     run(f"cat {hg38_bed} {lifted_bed} > {merged_bed}.tmp")
     run(f"bedSort {merged_bed}.tmp {merged_bed}")
     os.remove(f"{merged_bed}.tmp")
 
     total = sum(1 for _ in open(merged_bed))
     print(f"  Total merged rows: {total}")
 
     print("\nStep 4: Converting to bigBed...")
     run(f"bedToBigBed -type=bed9+ -tab -as={AS_FILE} {merged_bed} {CHROM_SIZES} {output_bb}")
 
     print(f"\nDone. Output: {output_bb}")
     print(f"File size: {os.path.getsize(output_bb) / 1024 / 1024:.1f} MB")
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()