95208355e2c667d194b29ee78c8ca8a09c2c2596
max
  Fri Jul 17 08:51:28 2026 -0700
lrSv: add NIH CARD long-read SV subtrack (cardSv)

#Preview2 week - bugs introduced now will need a build patch to fix
Add the NIH CARD Long-Read Initiative structural-variant catalogue (351
post-mortem brain samples: 205 NABEC European ancestry, 146 HBCC
African/African-admixed) as a new subtrack of the Long-read SVs container.
The provider bigBed is re-derived into the shared lrSv schema: signed svLen
made positive (reference span), an explicit insLen added, the single
DUP:TANDEM folded to DUP, and colors remapped to the container's shared
svColor() palette. All 228,855 provider records are carried through 1:1.
Adds the converter and autoSql, the trackDb stanza with filters consistent
with the sibling subtracks, a full description page, a summary row and blurb
on the container page, and a makeDoc section. refs #36258

diff --git src/hg/makeDb/trackDb/human/cardSv.html src/hg/makeDb/trackDb/human/cardSv.html
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..233ee84f1b0
--- /dev/null
+++ src/hg/makeDb/trackDb/human/cardSv.html
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+<h2>Description</h2>
+<p>
+This track shows structural variants (SVs) identified by Oxford Nanopore
+long-read sequencing of post-mortem brain tissue (prefrontal cortex) from
+351 individuals, generated by the NIH Center for Alzheimer's and Related
+Dementias (NIH CARD) Long-Read Initiative. Structural variants are genomic
+rearrangements larger than about 50 bp, such as deletions, insertions,
+inversions and duplications; because they alter or move large stretches of
+DNA at once they can have outsized effects on gene dosage, gene regulation
+and DNA methylation compared with single-nucleotide changes.
+</p>
+<p>
+The cohort combines two studies: 205 samples of European ancestry from the
+North American Brain Expression Consortium (NABEC, dbGaP phs001300) and 146
+samples of African and African-admixed ancestry from the NIMH Human Brain
+Collection Core (HBCC, dbGaP phs000979). The track contains more than 228,000 SVs called
+against GRCh38: about 127,000 insertions, 102,000 deletions, 431 inversions
+and one tandem duplication. Each record carries the number of carrier samples
+overall and split by cohort (NABEC and HBCC), together with the allele frequency reported
+by the source project.
+</p>
+
+<h2>Display Conventions and Configuration</h2>
+<p>
+Items are colored by SV type, matching the other subtracks of the container:
+<ul>
+<li><span style="color: rgb(200,0,0);">Deletions (DEL)</span> - red</li>
+<li><span style="color: rgb(0,0,200);">Insertions (INS)</span> - blue</li>
+<li><span style="color: rgb(0,160,0);">Duplications (DUP)</span> - green</li>
+<li><span style="color: rgb(230,140,0);">Inversions (INV)</span> - orange</li>
+</ul>
+</p>
+<p>
+Insertions are placed at the insertion site with a width of 1 bp, and the
+length of the inserted sequence is shown as the insertion length; deletions,
+inversions and the duplication span the affected reference interval. The
+mouseover shows the variant name, SV type, reference and insertion lengths,
+allele frequency and the number of carrier samples split into the NABEC and
+HBCC cohorts. Filters are available for SV type, SV length, insertion length,
+carrier count, allele frequency, and the number of carriers in each cohort.
+</p>
+
+<h2>Methods</h2>
+<p>
+NABEC samples were sequenced on Oxford Nanopore R9.4.1 and HBCC samples on
+R10.4.1 PromethION flow cells, with a median read N50 of 27 kb and about 40x
+average genome coverage. Structural variants were called both from read
+alignments (minimap2 alignments processed with Sniffles2 v2.3) and from
+de novo assemblies (Shasta v0.11.1 assemblies phased with HapDup v0.12 and
+compared to the reference with Hapdiff). Assembly-based calls were merged
+across samples with Truvari, read-based calls were merged across samples with
+Sniffles2, and the read and assembly sets were then merged together and across
+the two cohorts with Truvari. All processing used the Nanopore Analysis
+Pipeline (NAPU) workflows on the AnVIL/Terra platform; see Kolmogorov et al.
+2023 and Billingsley et al. 2024 for details.
+</p>
+<p>
+The display bigBed <tt>NIH_CARD_longReadSVs.bb</tt> was obtained from the NIH
+CARD browser-track
+<a href="https://github.com/meredith705/card_genome_browserTrack" target="_blank">GitHub
+repository</a>. At UCSC it was converted to the shared long-read SV schema
+(signed lengths made positive, an explicit insertion-length field added, the
+single <tt>DUP:TANDEM</tt> call folded to <tt>DUP</tt>, and colors reassigned to
+the container's shared palette) so it matches the other subtracks. The
+step-by-step commands are recorded in the UCSC makeDoc for this track
+container:
+<a href="https://github.com/ucscGenomeBrowser/kent/blob/master/src/hg/makeDb/doc/hg38/lrSv.txt" target="_blank">
+doc/hg38/lrSv.txt</a>. The conversion script and autoSql schema live in
+<a href="https://github.com/ucscGenomeBrowser/kent/tree/master/src/hg/makeDb/scripts/lrSv" target="_blank">
+makeDb/scripts/lrSv</a>, and the track configuration is in
+<a href="https://github.com/ucscGenomeBrowser/kent/blob/master/src/hg/makeDb/trackDb/human/lrSv.ra" target="_blank">trackDb/human/lrSv.ra</a>.
+</p>
+
+<h2>Data Access</h2>
+<p>
+The data can be explored interactively in table format with the
+<a href="../cgi-bin/hgTables">Table Browser</a> or the
+<a href="../cgi-bin/hgIntegrator">Data Integrator</a> and exported from there
+to spreadsheet or tab-sep tables. From scripts, the data can be accessed
+through our <a href="https://api.genome.ucsc.edu">API</a>, track=<i>cardSv</i>.
+</p>
+<p>
+The annotation is stored as a bigBed file that can be downloaded from
+<a href="http://hgdownload.soe.ucsc.edu/gbdb/hg38/lrSv/" target="_blank">our
+download server</a> as <tt>card.bb</tt>. Individual regions or the whole
+annotation can be obtained with the <tt>bigBedToBed</tt> utility, available
+from our
+<a href="http://hgdownload.soe.ucsc.edu/downloads.html#utilities_downloads">utilities
+page</a>. Example:
+<tt>bigBedToBed http://hgdownload.soe.ucsc.edu/gbdb/hg38/lrSv/card.bb -chrom=chr21 -start=0 -end=100000000 stdout</tt>.
+</p>
+<p>
+The underlying genotype-level calls in VCF format are available under
+controlled access through dbGaP (NABEC phs001300, substudy phs003181; HBCC
+phs000979) and can be requested through the AnVIL Data Explorer for the
+<a href="https://explore.anvilproject.org/datasets/0b740f36-28d6-4e02-8165-ad0e9674bbf6" target="_blank">NABEC</a>
+and
+<a href="https://explore.anvilproject.org/datasets/a4e936d1-d81a-475d-95be-b5cd41de921d" target="_blank">HBCC</a>
+datasets.
+</p>
+
+<h2>Credits</h2>
+<p>
+Thanks to the North American Brain Expression Consortium (NABEC), the NIMH
+Human Brain Collection Core (HBCC), the Banner Sun Health Research Institute
+Brain and Body Donation Program, and the NIH CARD Long-Read Initiative for
+generating and sharing this dataset, and to Melissa Meredith for preparing the
+browser track. This work was supported by the Intramural Research Programs of
+the NIA, NINDS, NCI, NHGRI and NIMH, and used the NIH STRIDES Initiative and
+the NIH HPC Biowulf cluster.
+</p>
+
+<h2>References</h2>
+
+
+<p>
+Billingsley KJ, Meredith M, Daida K, Jerez PA, Negi S, Malik L, Genner RM, Moller A, Zheng X, Gibson
+SB <em>et al</em>.
+<a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.12.16.628723" target="_blank">
+Long-read sequencing of hundreds of diverse brains provides insight into the impact of structural
+variation on gene expression and DNA methylation</a>.
+<em>bioRxiv</em>. 2024 Dec 17;.
+PMID: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39764002" target="_blank">39764002</a>; PMC: <a
+href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11702628/" target="_blank">PMC11702628</a>
+</p>
+
+
+
+<p>
+Kolmogorov M, Billingsley KJ, Mastoras M, Meredith M, Monlong J, Lorig-Roach R, Asri M, Alvarez
+Jerez P, Malik L, Dewan R <em>et al</em>.
+<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-023-01993-x" target="_blank">
+Scalable Nanopore sequencing of human genomes provides a comprehensive view of haplotype-resolved
+variation and methylation</a>.
+<em>Nat Methods</em>. 2023 Oct;20(10):1483-1492.
+PMID: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37710018" target="_blank">37710018</a>; PMC: <a
+href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11222905/" target="_blank">PMC11222905</a>
+</p>
+